Colour, raw sugar quality, csugar affination, single strike boiling introduction in a stand alone refinery, one of the most important issues is to stabilize the process at full. Affination is the mingling of raw sugar with a warm, heavy syrup, which removes the molasses coating from the sugar crystal. Sugar processing refining part 3 honiron manufacturing. For good quality raw sugar there is no need to doing this process. Us2217598a us2128a us212838a us2217598a us 2217598 a us2217598 a us 2217598a us 2128 a us2128 a us 2128a us 212838 a us212838 a us 212838a us 2217598 a us2217598 a us 2217598a authority us united states prior art keywords sugar massecuite process raw cane prior art date 19380611 legal status the legal status is an. Refining sugar refining further purifies the raw sugar. How cane sugar is refined affination affination is the key to good refining because one gets the best improvement in quality for the least capital and running cost. The raw sugar is mixed with a warm, concentrated syrup of slightly higher purity than the syrup layer so that it will not dissolve the crystals. Raw sugar is an intermediate product of refining and affination process of sugar manufacturing that consists of pale yellow to brown sugar crystals covered with a film of syrup. Most frequently it is to dissolve a solid in water. The process consists of mixing the sugar with a saturated syrup to soften the adhering film of molasses, then spinning.
Sugar refining is the production of a higher quality sugar from remelted raw cane sugar. Affination can be considered as a process which converts a low pol raw sugar into a vhp raw sugar. This is a basket on load cells that weighs a measured weight of sugar on a regular repeating cycle. Excellent quality raw sugar for affination and refining magnification lox. Clarification and decolorization processes sciencedirect. The unit operations that follow include affination mingling and centrifugation, melting, clarification, decolorization, evaporation, crystallization, and finishing. Pdf new trends in the clarification process in the sugar. Overview of the suj sugar refining process sentra usahatama. Bs che raw sugar refined sugar products the refining process click icon to add picture the refining process 1.
Refined sugar is produced by sugar cane or beet via raw sugar. If the refinery is small and cannot process all the raw sugar. During the traditional refining process, raw sugar color is reduced from over 2000 iu to as low as 10. Step 2 carbonatation the sugar is redissoved and calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide are added to the solution. Raw cane sugar undergoes several stages in a refining process to produce a range of high quality white and brown sugars for the retail, commercial. The remaining sugar is then dissolved to make syrup, about 70 per cent solids by weight. The crushing process must break up the hard nodes of the cane and flatten the stems. Affination of low raw beet sugar beet sugar development. Affination the affination process comprises a umixer, hot magma mingler, centrifugal and sugar melter. Request permission to reuse content from this site. Vhp as raw material, and the affination process was dispensed with. In this blog, we discuss refining and related sugar processing equipment.
In part 2 of this blog series we discussed crystallation and drying as it relates to the production of sugar from sugar cane. Jun 26, 2018 affination affination removing the adhering film of molasses from the surface of the raw sugar crystal avg. Fine seed crystals are added, and the sugar mother liquor yields a solid precipitate of about 50 percent by weight crystalline sugar. There was little mention made of the manufacturing process of sugar in early india, but 500 b. Affination the first stage of processing the raw sugar is to soften and then remove the layer of mother liquor surrounding the crystals with a process called affination. The mixture of syrup and raw sugar crystals is called the magma, and rightly so because it is an extremely viscous dark brown liquid mixture not unlike the magma flowing from. This combination of affination and centrifuging gives almost complete separation of sugar from nonsugar. Overview of the sugar refining process raw sugar preparation raw sugar stored in the silo is loaded by a shovel machine loader into a bucket elevator which discharges to a raw sugar holding bin as temporary storage before introduction to the production process. The conversion of an existing direct plantation white sugar mill to produce refined sugar will make it a backend refinery. The first step in refining is affination, where the raw sugar crystals are mixed with a heavy syrup typically 60 to 80 brix to remove the residues of molasses. The sanskrit name for a crudely made sugar substance was guda, meaning to make into a ball or to conglomerate. Affination is a traditional refinery process developed over a hundred years ago when the raw sugar had a much higher impurity level, that is a pol of maybe 97 or 98. Affination is an ideal heavy duty process to be used for low pol raw sugars.
A manual for the design and operation of sugar refining facilities, published by wiley. Affination affination removing the adhering film of molasses from the surface of the raw sugar crystal avg. Us7306679b1 composition and sugar refining process. It is not appropriate for modern refineries and factories where higher purity raw sugar is available. Refining process and operations 5 affination, thomas n. The selection first offers information on sugar cane, harvesting and transportation to the factory, washing, disposal of washwater and cleaning the. Cane sugar is refined either at the same location where it was produced as part of an integrated facility or at separate raw sugar refineries. In this regard a sugar mill with a backendrefinery, which has a high purity and low colour runoffreturn to the raw house, has available an ideal affination liquor for bsugar, that is, the refinery return syrup could be mingled with the. The first operation of cane sugar refining, when using raw sugar, of normal quality, is affination. After sugar beets or sugar cane are harvested by farmers, the sugar is processed and refined to ensure consistency and quality.
The syrup is used as a washing solution for the sugar crystals. A simplified process flow diagram for a typical cane sugar production plant is. The raw sugar is melted and further clarified and decolo. Ugar refining process sugarcane crop is harvested and transported to the mills juice is clarified to remove soil and other impurities. In the first of these, a process known as affination, the raw sugar is mixed with a thick, high sucrose liquid. Refining process starts with the highest quality cane sugar traditional refining process. Surface impurities molasses dissolve in this syrup and are removed. If it is considered important to accurately measure the sugar input into the refinery, then standard way of weighing the sugar into the process is with an automatic batch weighing scale. Part i introduction of sugar refining 1 glossary of terms and definitions, chung chi chou 2 outline of refining processes and equipments, chung chi chou 3 automation in a raw sugar factory, robert j. Manufacture and refining of raw cane sugar focuses on the processes, methodologies, principles, and approaches involved in the manufacture and refining of raw cane sugar. The first crystallization, yielding a sugar or a strike, leaves a. Usdas domestic sugar program and reporting glossary terms. Flow chart of refined sugar process basic steps in refined sugar making process.
Customs territory that refines raw cane sugar through affination or defecation, clarification, and further purification by absorption or. In these lower purity sugars, most of the impurities are located on the surface of the crystal. Sugar refining affination melting carbonation filtration charring vacuum pans centrifugal machines drying packaging slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Jun 08, 2017 in this blog, we discuss refining and related sugar processing equipment. Raw cane sugar undergoes several stages in a refining process to produce a range of high quality white and brown sugars for the retail, commercial, and industrial markets. Also disclosed is a process for increasing the yield of raw sugar from a clarified sugar juice stream. Sugar refining involves removal of impurities and decolorization. Did you know color is a natural component of sugar.
Goodacre, performance of powder resin in conjunction with the talofloc process. Vaisala k patents process refractometer pr43 can be installed. In order to refine it into icumsa 45 sugar, it must undergo several stages of refining. Pdf affination benefits of csugar in standalone refinery. The raw sugar is first manufactured and is then, continuously, taken to the second step of refining. All sugar entering the production process is carefully weighed to ensure correct measurement of the overall conversion yield to the final product of refined sugar. Pdf csugar affination system is often used in some cane mills in. Affination, as it is used in the cane sugar industry, is obviously a simple procedure. Mar 23, 2009 sugar refining affination melting carbonation filtration charring vacuum pans centrifugal machines drying packaging slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. It is first mixed with heavy syrup and then centrifuged in a process called affination. Development and process design of new melter station at al. A simplified process flow diagram for refined sugar production is shown in figure 9. Industry refining process affination by bento, luis san miguel posted on 20060918 last edited on 20181031. Many sugar refineries today buy high pol sugar and can do.
Raw sugar sold for home consumption on the new zealand market is packed specially in fiji for repackaging in new zealand. Syrup from the evaporators is sent to vacuum pans, where it is further evaporated, under vacuum, to supersaturation. Its simplicity tends to obscure its value as a step in the process, but its effect upon the economy of refining raw sugar cannot be overlooked. This invention relates especially to the art of refining raw cane sugar and is intended to provide an apparatus for efficiently and economically carrying out an. Manufacture and refining of raw cane sugar provides an operating manual to the workers in cane raw sugar factories and refineries. The first step in refining is affination, where the raw sugar crystals are. Manufacture and refining of raw cane sugar 1st edition. The raw sugar is stored in large warehouses and then transported into the sugar refinery by means of transport belts.
Handbook of sugar refining 2000 john and wiley, pg. The juice is collected, filtered and sometimes treated and then boiled to drive off the excess water. Microbiological control in sugar manufacturing and refining d. Identification of raw sugar properties and their effect on refined. Manufacture and refining of raw cane sugar, volume 2 2nd. Step 1 affination the raw sugar is mixed with a saturated syrup and then centrifuged to extract the crystals. March 1996 the first three steps have been carried out overseas. The affination syrup is clarified either by pressure filtration or chemical defecation. Purity of film about 70% purely mechanical process softening the adhering molasses film rubbing it off with other crystals dissolving it in affination greens crystal separated by centrifugal forces 6. The syrup and crystals are separated in a spinning centrifugal basket, and the crystals are further washed by a water spray. Pdf one of the most factors that determine the sugar quality and recovery in both cane and sugar manufacture is clarification process. Its purpose is to wash away the sugar crystals outer coating, which is less pure than the crystal interior. The fundamental objective of the raw sugar refining process is to capture all of the sucrose as free. Prior to the invention of the improved stevens affination process described in a copending application, serial no.
Many sugar refineries today buy high pol sugar and can do without the affination process. Carbonatation removing further impurities that precipitate from solution with calcium carbonate. While there are many excellent reference and text books written by prominent authors, there is none that tell briefly to the superintendent of fabrication the best and simplest procedures in sugar production. Affination the raw sugar is mingled with hot affination syrup which.
The initial step in cane sugar refining is washing the sugar, called affination. Affination, the process of washing off the syrup layer around the sugar crystal, is often the first step in refining of raw cane sugar. All sugar entering the production process is carefully weighed to ensure correct. Sugarcane processing is focussed on the production of cane sugar sucrose from. Lam 4raw sugar storage and handling, hsinsui chang. The csc sugar process eliminates all of these steps associated with extra wastewater and energy. Further disclosed is a process for increasing the yield of refined sugar from raw sugar.
Product specifications determine the residence time spent in each stage of the. This is in fact, an intermediate stage in the production of sugar, having sucrose and water contents 95% 97% and 0. Chung chi chou is the author of handbook of sugar refining. Juice is concentrated into syrup by boiling off excess water raw sugar crustals sent to refineries for further refinig the syrup is concentrated by evaporating some of the water cane sticks are washed and cut into desired size and are. Refining process project description the fundamental objective of the raw sugar refining process is to capture all of the sucrose as free. Sugar production from sugar cane the basic process sugar cane must be crushed to extract the juice. Whether sugar comes from sugar beets or sugar cane, the purification process is similar for each plant, and the result is the same pure sucrose.
A simplified process flow diagram for a typical cane sugar production plant is shown in figure 9. The cane is received at the mill and prepared for extraction of the juice. A manual for the design and operation of sugar refining facilities. The raw sugar will undergo metal and debris removal and large lumps will be crushed prior to transfer to the mingler to begin remelting and refining.
Colour, raw sugar quality, c sugar affination, single strike boiling introduction in a stand alone refinery, one of the most important issues is to stabilize the process at full. Physicochemical analysis and polarization value estimation. As with white flour, lack of color can actually indicate. Recirculation of starch in the process looks reduced. In the traditional refining process, the raw sugar is first mixed with heavy syrup and centrifuged to wash away the outer coating of the raw sugar crystals, which is less pure than the crystal interior. The raw sugar quality can be maintained as per requirement of the refinery.